Relación entre el uso de inteligencia artificial generativa y el aprendizaje autónomo en estudiantes de educación superior: una revisión sistemática de la literatura
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65415/hjs5fp74Palabras clave:
IAG, aprendizaje autónomo, educación superior, aprendizaje autorregulado, ChatGPTResumen
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo analizar la relación entre el uso de inteligencia artificial generativa y el aprendizaje autónomo en estudiantes de educación superior, a partir de una revisión sistemática de la literatura científica reciente. La investigación se desarrolló bajo un enfoque cualitativo-documental, siguiendo las orientaciones de la declaración PRISMA 2020. Para ello, se consultaron bases de datos académicas como Scopus, Web of Science, ERIC, ScienceDirect y Google Scholar, considerando estudios publicados entre 2023 y 2026. Tras el proceso de identificación, cribado, elegibilidad e inclusión, se seleccionaron 15 estudios que abordaban el uso de herramientas como ChatGPT, Gemini, Copilot, agentes LLM, chatbots generativos y aplicaciones basadas en inteligencia artificial en contextos universitarios.
Los resultados evidencian que la inteligencia artificial generativa puede favorecer el aprendizaje autónomo al ofrecer apoyo personalizado, retroalimentación inmediata, explicación de contenidos, generación de ideas, organización de información y acompañamiento en tareas académicas. Asimismo, se identificó que estas herramientas pueden fortalecer dimensiones vinculadas con el aprendizaje autorregulado, la metacognición, la gestión del tiempo, la motivación académica y el aprendizaje autodirigido. No obstante, también se reconocen riesgos importantes, como la dependencia tecnológica, el debilitamiento del pensamiento crítico, la desinformación, el uso superficial de las respuestas generadas y los problemas de integridad académica.
Se concluye que la inteligencia artificial generativa no garantiza por sí sola el desarrollo del aprendizaje autónomo, sino que su aporte depende del uso crítico, ético y pedagógicamente orientado que realicen los estudiantes, docentes e instituciones de educación superior.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Fátima Cecilia Suárez-Argüello; Ángela María Delgado-Holguín , Marlon Ricardo Pesántez-Pacheco
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.
